Write a short note on the recent development taking place in the most popular National Solar Mission.

Question

Ghissu Editorial · Accepted Answer

The National Solar Mission, under the National Action Plan on Climate Change, raised India's solar capacity to 94.17 GW by November 2024 and cut tariffs by 65%. Recent schemes like PM Surya Ghar and PM-KUSUM push rooftop and farm solar, though rooftop (11,870 of 40,000 MW) lags.

**Introduction**

The National Solar Mission⟦2⟧⟦1⟧, a flagship under India’s National Action Plan on Climate Change, has propelled solar capacity to 94.17 GW by November 2024, with schemes like PM-KUSUM⟦3⟧ and PM Surya Ghar: Muft Bijli Yojana expanding rural solar access.

**Institutional Framework and Capacity Building**

1. **Multi-Phase Planning and State Role**: The mission’s three phases (2010-22) allow adaptive targets, implemented by MNRE and states like ==Andhra Pradesh⟦4⟧==, leveraging solar potential for large projects.

2. **Manufacturing Incentives**: The Production Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme and ‘Make in India’ campaign boost domestic solar panel production, reducing import dependence.

**Implementation Challenges and Outcomes**

1. **Capacity Achievements and Gaps**: Ground-mounted solar reached 64,415 MW by March 2024, but rooftop solar is only 11,870 MW against a 40,000 MW target; fund release for solar parks is just 40% of ₹8,100 crore.

2. **Rural Electrification Impact**: PM Surya Ghar installed over 6.3 lakh rooftop units in nine months for households, while PM-KUSUM serves farmers, including in ==Andhra Pradesh==.

**Economic and Environmental Implications**

1. **Cost and Market Growth**: Solar tariffs dropped 65% in a decade, enhancing competitiveness and job creation, notably in ==Visakhapatnam’s port-led industrial corridor==.

2. **Climate and Sustainability Goals**: The mission supports India’s NDC to cut emission intensity by 45% by 2030 and aids drought-prone regions like ==Rayalaseema== in ==Andhra Pradesh==.

**Way Forward**

1. **Improve Fund Utilization**: Strengthen mechanisms for timely fund release and project monitoring.

2. **Expand Rooftop Solar and Storage**: Promote rooftop solar via subsidies and invest in energy storage to manage intermittency.

**Conclusion**

The National Solar Mission’s recent initiatives like PM-KUSUM and solar parks are crucial for India’s energy transition but need better fund management and infrastructure development.

అత్యంత ప్రజాదరణ పొందిన జాతీయ సౌర మిషన్ (National Solar Mission)లో జరుగుతున్న ఇటీవలి అభివృద్ధిపై ఒక లఘు గమనిక వ్రాయండి.

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