What is the status of utilization of Solar energy in India and the World? What are some factors hindering…

Question

What is the status of utilization of Solar energy in India and the World? What are some factors hindering utilization of this green energy source?

Ghissu Editorial · Accepted Answer

Solar energy is expanding fast worldwide, with global capacity of about 1,800 GW by end-2024 led by China, and India ranks third. Its use is hindered by land conflicts, thin storage (about 5.5 GW), import dependence on Chinese modules and financing gaps for rooftop systems.

**Introduction**

Solar energy is central to India’s clean energy transition, supported by ambitious targets and schemes like PM Surya Ghar⟦1⟧ Yojana⟦3⟧⟦2⟧ and PM-KUSUM⟦4⟧, with India ranking third globally in solar capacity. This growth aligns with India’s commitment under the Paris Agreement to achieve 500 GW of renewable energy by 2030, making solar a key pillar of its energy future.

**Institutional Framework**

SKETCH: mindmap | Solar Energy Institutional Support  
- National Solar Mission  
- PM Surya Ghar Yojana  
- International Solar Alliance  
- Production-Linked Incentive Scheme

1. **Policy and Schemes**: PM Surya Ghar Yojana and PM-KUSUM provide subsidies and infrastructure, with ==PM Surya Ghar crossing about 6.3 lakh rooftop installations nationally in its first year, Andhra Pradesh included.== The Rooftop Solar Programme promotes urban and rural solar use, addressing energy access and sustainability.
2. **Manufacturing and Alliances**: The PLI scheme increased solar module capacity from 38 GW to 74 GW (2024-25), reducing imports; India leads the International Solar Alliance for global cooperation and technology sharing, enhancing diplomatic influence in clean energy.

**Challenges**

1. **Land and Grid Issues**: Land acquisition conflicts delay projects; ==Andhra Pradesh== reflects national trends with environmental and agricultural concerns. Storage capacity (5.5 GW) is far below the 61 GW needed by 2030, limiting solar’s reliability and round-the-clock supply.

**Way Forward**

2. **Manufacturing and Awareness**: Expand domestic production of raw materials like polysilicon; increase subsidies, affordable loans, and targeted outreach campaigns, especially in ==Andhra Pradesh==, to boost rooftop solar adoption and public acceptance.

**Conclusion**

India’s solar sector shows strong growth but must overcome land, storage, and financial barriers to meet its renewable goals and sustain its leadership in global solar energy utilization.

Model answer

ఈ ప్రశ్నను ప్రాక్టీస్ చేయండి

శక్తి: అవసరాలు, వనరులు, విధానం; అణు కార్యక్రమం మరియు విధానం24 questions

Ghissu