2018 · GS Paper 2 · Q5 · 10 marks
The Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) has a very vital role to play. Explain how this is reflected in the method and terms of his appointment as well as the range of powers he can exercise.
In short
The CAG's vital role is secured by appointment through the President's warrant, removal only like a Supreme Court judge, protected service terms and expenses charged on the Consolidated Fund, alongside audit powers over all public spending. Its 2023 Bharatmala audit exposed the Dwarka Expressway's cost overrun.
Model answer
Ghissu Editorial · Verified 4 Oct 2026 · 302 words
Appointment by warrant
The President appoints the CAG by warrant under hand and seal, and the Third Schedule oath binds the CAG to the Constitution.
Removal like a Supreme Court judge
Removal needs a special majority of both Houses for proved misbehaviour or incapacity.
Secure service conditions
The 1971 Act fixes a six-year term or age 65 and a Supreme Court judge's salary, and Article 148(3) bars varying them to the CAG's disadvantage.
No reward, no purse strings
Article 148(4) bars further government office, and the office's expenses are charged on the Consolidated Fund of India.
Comprehensive audit
The CAG audits all spending from the Consolidated Funds of the Union and states, contingency funds, public accounts and government companies.
Beyond legality
Performance audits test value for money, as the 2023 Ayushman Bharat audit did on finding about 7.5 lakh beneficiaries linked to one mobile number.
Fiscal federalism role
Under Article 279 the CAG certifies the net proceeds of taxes on which devolution rests.
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Question from the official UPSC Civil Services (Main) Examination 2018 paper. Answer written by Ghissu's engine and checked against our editorial standards. Found an error? Tell us and we correct it within 48 hours.