Explain the causes for backwardness of certain regions and suggest measures for development.
In short
Regional backwardness stems from colonial neglect, geographical isolation, infrastructure deficits, low literacy, weak fiscal capacity and investment concentrating in developed regions. Remedies include the Backward Regions Grant Fund, connectivity and irrigation such as Polavaram, stronger local governance, the Aspirational Districts Programme and investment incentives.
Model answer
Ghissu Editorial · Verified 4 Oct 2026 · 268 words
Historical Uneven Development
Colonial emphasis on cities like Bombay and Calcutta created structural imbalances; the British land revenue system impoverished rural farmers, limiting agricultural productivity.
Geographical Isolation and Infrastructure Deficits
Regions such as Andhra Pradesh’s Rayalaseema face poor connectivity and infrastructure gaps, restricting economic integration and access to services.
Fiscal Transfers and Grants
The Backward Regions Grant Fund (BRGF) and Finance Commission allocations provide critical resources; Andhra Pradesh’s demand for Special Category Status highlights fiscal needs.
Infrastructure and Connectivity
Projects like the Polavaram project and public-private partnerships improve transport and energy access, integrating backward regions with growth centers.
Inclusive Governance and Schemes
Strengthening Panchayati Raj and implementing the Aspirational Districts Programme1 promote local development and improve health and education outcomes.
Skill Development and Private Investment
Fiscal incentives and entrepreneurial training in Andhra Pradesh help reduce unemployment and build local capacities.
Integrated Regional Planning
Tailor interventions using composite criteria to address intra-state disparities like those in Andhra Pradesh.
Enhance Fiscal Capacity
Improve tax bases and optimize central transfers for sustainable infrastructure and social services funding.
Leverage Technology
Expand digital infrastructure to improve market access and service delivery.
Focus on Human Development
Prioritize health, education, and skills to harness the demographic dividend.
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