Write a short note on: (i) Mobile Satellite Services (MSS) (ii) Environmental monitoring

Question

Ghissu Editorial · Accepted Answer

Mobile Satellite Services (MSS) give voice and data links by satellite to users on the move, such as ships, aircraft and handheld terminals, while environmental monitoring uses satellites to track weather, land, water, forests and oceans. Assets like CMS-03 and INSAT-3D aid cyclone warnings and drought monitoring in Andhra Pradesh.

**Introduction**

Mobile Satellite Services (MSS) and environmental monitoring underpin India’s technological progress and climate adaptation, with ISRO’s CMS-03⟦1⟧ satellite launched in 2025 marking a significant advance. These technologies are crucial for enhancing connectivity, disaster management, and sustainable resource use, aligning with national development goals.

**Institutional Framework**

1. **ISRO’s Satellite Leadership**: CMS-03 supports strategic communication in the Indian Ocean; the INSAT-3D series aids weather monitoring, reflecting strong space tech capacity.  
2. **State-Level Integration**: ==Andhra Pradesh== uses satellite data in MGNREGA and PMFBY, integrating satellite data into rural development⟦3⟧ and agriculture. The National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) also regulates data distribution, ensuring secure and efficient use of satellite imagery.

**Implementation Challenges and Outcomes**

1. **Connectivity Gaps**: Rural internet tele-density at 46.73%⟦4⟧ limits MSS reach; GSAT-11 targets improved broadband in rural and coastal ==Andhra Pradesh==. This aims to bridge digital divides and support inclusive growth.

**Technological and Social Impact**

1. **Telemedicine and Social Inclusion**: MSS enables telemedicine linking remote ==Andhra Pradesh== hospitals to urban centres, reducing healthcare disparities. Partnerships with the National Health Resource Repository (NHRR) enhance these services.  
2. **Environmental Monitoring**: Remote sensing aids forest and water resource management in ecologically sensitive zones like the Eastern Ghats. It also supports agricultural advisories and soil health monitoring, boosting sustainability.

**Way Forward**

1. **Boost Indigenous Satellites**: Enhance ISRO’s development of cost-effective MSS satellites for rural and coastal needs in ==Andhra Pradesh==.  
3. **Integrate Satellite Data**: Use satellite data in schemes like AIBP and IWMP for better water and agricultural management. Strengthening skilled workforce development is also essential for effective implementation.

**Conclusion**

Strengthening MSS and environmental monitoring through technology and policy will drive sustainable development and resilience in India.

కింది వాటిపై లఘుటీక రాయండి: (i) మొబైల్ శాటిలైట్ సర్వీసెస్ (MSS) (ii) పర్యావరణ పర్యవేక్షణ

Model answer

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