Write the main points of the agreement reached at United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP 21) held…

Question

Write the main points of the agreement reached at United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP 21) held at Paris in December, 2015. What was India's stand at the conference?

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The Paris Agreement committed countries to keep warming well below 2°C, aiming for 1.5°C, through five-yearly NDCs, USD 100 billion a year in climate finance and a global stocktake. India championed climate justice and CBDR-RC, pledged a 33-35% cut in emissions intensity by 2030 and launched the International Solar Alliance.

**Introduction**

The COP 21 Paris Agreement in 2015 was a historic global pact to limit climate change impacts while respecting development needs, crucial for vulnerable regions like ==coastal Andhra Pradesh==. It united nearly all countries under a common framework to address rising temperatures and extreme weather events threatening ecosystems and livelihoods.

**Main Points of the Paris Agreement**

2. **NDCs and Climate Finance⟦1⟧**: Countries submit updated NDCs every five years; developed nations committed USD 100 billion annually until 2025 to support developing countries, reflecting CBDR-RC principles. This financial support addresses equity and enables adaptation and mitigation efforts.

**India’s Position at COP 21**

1. **Sustainable Development Commitment**: India ratified the Agreement in 2016, pledging a 33-35% reduction in emissions intensity by 2030 and 40% non-fossil fuel power capacity, balancing growth and climate goals. This reflects India’s focus on inclusive development alongside climate responsibility.

3. **Renewable Energy Initiatives**: India launched the International Solar Alliance and targeted 175 GW renewable capacity by 2022, with significant progress in ==Andhra Pradesh’s solar and wind projects==. These efforts demonstrate India’s leadership in clean energy transition.

4. **Balancing Development and Climate Action**: India stressed poverty reduction and energy access for vulnerable groups like ==Andhra Pradesh’s agrarian communities== alongside emission⟦3⟧⟦2⟧ cuts. It highlighted the need to harmonize climate goals with socio-economic priorities.

**Conclusion**

The Paris Agreement is a landmark balancing climate action and development, with India playing a proactive, equity-focused role. It reflects a global consensus to combat climate change while ensuring sustainable growth for vulnerable populations.

Write the main points of the agreement reached at United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP 21) held at Paris in December, 2015. What was India's stand at the conference?

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