Write short notes on the causes, treatment, and methods of prevention of any 3 of the following diseases: 1. Cholera; 2. Malaria, 3. Encephalitis, 4. Tuberculosis, and 5. Avian flu.
In short
Cholera, caused by Vibrio cholerae in contaminated water, is treated with oral rehydration and prevented by safe water and sanitation; malaria, caused by Plasmodium via Anopheles mosquitoes, is treated with chloroquine or artemisinin therapy and prevented by nets. Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, needs a six-month multidrug course.
Model answer
Ghissu Editorial · Verified 4 Oct 2026 · 275 words
Healthcare Infrastructure
The 2024 CAG audit highlighted critical vacancies in medical personnel and shortages of Community Health Centres in Andhra Pradesh, limiting effective disease management and timely treatment delivery.
Treatment Complexities
TB treatment involves prolonged multi-drug regimens complicated by drug resistance and patient non-compliance in Andhra Pradesh, posing significant challenges to successful outcomes.
Prevention Measures
Vector control through insecticide-treated nets and elimination of mosquito breeding sites have had partial success in Andhra Pradesh but require scaling up for sustained impact.
Social Support
Nutritional schemes like Nikshay Poshan Yojana provide essential support to TB patients, addressing social determinants that influence treatment adherence and recovery in Andhra Pradesh.
Strengthen Workforce and Infrastructure
Addressing medical staff vacancies and upgrading diagnostic facilities in rural and underserved areas of Andhra Pradesh will improve early detection, treatment adherence, and reduce transmission.
Community Engagement and Environmental Management
Culturally sensitive awareness campaigns combined with improved water sanitation and vector control measures in Andhra Pradesh can significantly reduce disease transmission and promote preventive behaviours.
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Question from the official APPSC Group-I Mains 2020 paper. Answer written by Ghissu's engine and checked against our editorial standards. Found an error? Tell us and we correct it within 48 hours.