What is pharmacogenomics? Discuss the important applications of biotechnology in human health.
In short
Pharmacogenomics studies how a person's genetic makeup shapes their response to drugs, so medicines and doses can be tailored for better efficacy and fewer side effects. Biotechnology also advances health through diagnostics, vaccines like Bharat Biotech's Covaxin, CRISPR gene editing, regenerative medicine and bioinformatics.
Model answer
Ghissu Editorial · Verified 4 Oct 2026 · 265 words
Population-Specific Research
India’s multi-ethnic diversity necessitates region-specific studies; programs like the DBT North Eastern Programme1 address this by supporting local genomic research. Telangana’s Genome Valley also exemplifies focused efforts on population-specific pharmacogenomics to optimize drug therapies.
Diagnostics and Vaccines
Biotechnology advances diagnostics and vaccine production, exemplified by Bharat Biotech’s Covaxin developed with ICMR, enhancing national health security. These innovations enable early disease detection and targeted treatment.
Gene Editing and Innovation
Telangana’s Genome Valley leads in gene editing research, supported by initiatives like the Twinning R&D Programme and Visiting Research Professorship (VRP) programme. CRISPR-Cas9 technology is applied to correct genetic disorders and develop novel therapies.
Capacity Building and Policy
The Biotechnology Labs in Senior Secondary Schools (BLiSS) and BioE3 Policy2 promote education and sustainable biotech growth; Bio-RIDE fosters entrepreneurship. These efforts build a skilled workforce and encourage innovation ecosystems.
Ethical and Regulatory Strengthening
Clear guidelines on genetic data privacy and equitable access are essential to prevent discrimination and ensure inclusive benefits of biotechnology.
Public-Private Partnerships
Collaboration among startups, academia, and government can accelerate innovation and commercialization, leveraging Telangana’s biotech ecosystem.
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Question from the official TGPSC Group-I Mains 2016 paper. Answer written by Ghissu's engine and checked against our editorial standards. Found an error? Tell us and we correct it within 48 hours.