2014 · GS Paper 4 · Q5(a) · 10 marks

The current society is plagued with widespread trust-deficit. What are the consequences of this situation for personal well-being and for societal well-being? What can you do at the personal level to make yourself trustworthy?

In short

A trust-deficit harms persons through anxiety, isolation and moral disengagement, and harms society through costly cooperation, weak institutions and violence. Personally, keeping small promises, owning mistakes and declaring conflicts of interest, as Covey's The Speed of Trust (2006) suggests, rebuilds credibility.

Model answer

Ghissu Editorial · Verified 4 Oct 2026

Introduction
Francis Fukuyama's Trust (1995) argued that low-trust societies pay a hidden tax on every interaction. Exam paper leaks, rumour-driven violence and fear of the police show that India pays this tax today, in personal and social costs.
Consequences for Personal and Societal Well-being
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Anxiety and isolation

A person who expects deceit lives in constant vigilance and withdraws from relationships, the unresolved "trust versus mistrust" stage that Erik Erikson placed first in human development.

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Moral erosion

Assuming that everyone cheats, people excuse their own shortcuts as self-defence, which Albert Bandura called moral disengagement.

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Costly cooperation

Society then needs more contracts, verification and litigation, and families under-report crimes such as child sexual abuse because they distrust the police.

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Violence against strangers

WhatsApp rumours of child-lifters led to lynchings in 2018, prompting the Supreme Court's guidelines in Tehseen Poonawalla (2018).

Making Myself Trustworthy
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Word matches deed

I will keep small promises such as punctuality and deadlines, as Stephen Covey's The Speed of Trust (2006) ties credibility to integrity, intent, capability and results.

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Owning mistakes

I will admit errors openly rather than conceal them.

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Declaring interests

I will disclose conflicts of interest, treat everyone by one standard and say the same thing in private and in public.

Conclusion
Trust is the invisible architecture of a democratic society. It cannot be decreed by law; it is rebuilt one reliable person at a time, so personal trustworthiness is the first step towards a high-trust society.

This model answer is indicative and the model can make mistakes; please verify key facts independently.

Hand-drawn diagram: Vicious Cycle of Distrust. Vicious Cycle of Distrust. Flow: Suspicion → Self-protection → Rule-bending → Broken expectations → Deeper suspicion → (back to start)
Diagram: Vicious Cycle of Distrust

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Ethics in private and public relationships3 questions

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Question from the official UPSC Civil Services (Main) Examination 2014 paper. Answer written by Ghissu's engine and checked against our editorial standards. Found an error? Tell us and we correct it within 48 hours.

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