2015 · GS Paper 4 · Q6(b) · 5 marks

Today we find that in spite of various measures like prescribing codes of conduct, setting up vigilance cells/commissions, RTI, active media and strengthening of legal mechanisms, corrupt practices are not coming under control. Suggest more effective strategies to tackle this menace.

In short

Effective strategies must shrink the opportunity for corruption, make punishment certain and build integrity, not merely chase graft after it happens. Direct Benefit Transfer alone saved an estimated ₹3.48 lakh crore up to March 2023 by removing middlemen and fake beneficiaries.

Model answer

Ghissu Editorial · Verified 4 Oct 2026

Introduction
Existing measures mostly chase corruption after it happens. Following Klitgaard's formula, corruption equals monopoly plus discretion minus accountability, the better strategy shrinks the opportunity, makes punishment certain and builds integrity as a habit.
Shrinking the Opportunity
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Remove the middleman

Direct Benefit Transfer saved an estimated ₹3.48 lakh crore up to March 2023, and faceless tax assessment (2020) and GeM cut discretion in taxation and procurement.

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Time-bound services

Right to Services laws, from Madhya Pradesh's 2010 Act, fine officials for delay and end "speed money".

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Regular social audit

The CAG's 2024 report found Andhra Pradesh audited only 5,956 of 13,428 gram panchayats once in 2021-22, so audits must be periodic.

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Clean political finance

After electoral bonds were struck down in 2024, partial state funding, as the Indrajit Gupta Committee proposed, would cut the demand for illicit money at its source.

Certain Punishment, Habitual Integrity
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Lost gains

Special courts and confiscation, as under the Bihar Special Courts Act, 2009, which turned seized houses of corrupt officials into schools, make corruption a losing bet.

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Autonomous investigators

A fully staffed Lokpal prosecution wing and a statutory CBI, with Section 17A approvals decided on time, would end executive dependence.

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Protected insiders and ethics

Notifying the Whistle Blowers Protection Act, 2014 and enacting the ethics code the Second ARC urged would build moral courage.

Conclusion
With opportunity shrunk and punishment certain, corruption becomes a losing bet, and governance becomes a trust held for the citizen.

This model answer is indicative and the model can make mistakes; please verify key facts independently.

Hand-drawn diagram: Anti-corruption Strategy Grid. Anti-corruption Strategy Grid. Diagram (matrix): Anti-corruption Strategy Grid; Prevent; Punish; Systems; People; DBT, e-procurement; Special courts, confiscation; Ethics code, training; Whistle-blower shield
Diagram: Anti-corruption Strategy Grid

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This chapter in the exam

Challenges of corruption6 questions

Asked in 5 of 14 sittings since 2013

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2015
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2016
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2017
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2018
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2019
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2020
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2021
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2022
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2023
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2024
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Question from the official UPSC Civil Services (Main) Examination 2015 paper. Answer written by Ghissu's engine and checked against our editorial standards. Found an error? Tell us and we correct it within 48 hours.

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