2019 · GS Paper 4 · Q5(a) · 10 marks
What do you understand by probity in governance? Based on your understanding of the term, suggest measures for ensuring probity in government.
In short
Probity in governance is the use of public office and resources with integrity, honesty and impartiality in process as well as outcome, not merely the absence of corruption. It is secured by statutory ethics codes, strong watchdogs (CVC, CAG, Lokpal), transparency by design and protection of honest officers.
Model answer
Ghissu Editorial · Verified 4 Oct 2026 · 285 words
Spirit over letter
A lawful tender quietly tailored to one bidder still fails probity, because the process would not survive public scrutiny.
Trusteeship
Funds and discretion are held in trust for citizens, so any private gain breaches the officer's fiduciary duty.
Codes with teeth
A statutory code of ethics above the All India Services (Conduct) Rules, 1968, backed by annual asset declarations under the Lokpal Act, 2013.
Strong external checks
An adequately staffed CVC, CAG and Lokpal, with Section 17A approvals under the Prevention of Corruption Act decided within the statutory three months so honest officers are protected without shielding the dishonest.
Transparency by design
RTI proactive disclosure, GeM e-procurement, e-Office files and Andhra Pradesh-style MGNREGA social audits shrink discretion and let citizens verify spending.
Protect honest officers
Operationalise the Whistle Blowers Protection Act, 2014 and make the civil services boards directed in T.S.R. Subramanian (2013) check arbitrary transfers.
Ethics as habit
Case-based ethics training under Mission Karmayogi (2020), since codes work only where conscience is cultivated.
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This chapter in the exam
Probity in Governance — Concept of public service8 questions
Asked in 6 of 14 sittings since 2013
- 2024"In Indian culture and value system, an equal opportunity has been provided irrespective of gender identity. The number of women in public service has been steadily increasing over the years." Examine the gender-specific challenges faced by female public servants and suggest suitable measures to increase their efficiency in discharging their duties and maintaining high standards of probity.
- 2023'Probity is essential for an effective system of governance and socio-economic development.' Discuss.
All 8 questions, sorted by sub-topic, with model answers and practice.
Question from the official UPSC Civil Services (Main) Examination 2019 paper. Answer written by Ghissu's engine and checked against our editorial standards. Found an error? Tell us and we correct it within 48 hours.