2025 · GS Paper 1 · Q3 · 10 marks
The sculptors filled the Chandella artform with resilient vigor and breadth of life.' Elucidate.
In short
Chandella sculptors at Khajuraho gave their figures vigour through deep high relief and twisting tribhanga poses, and breadth by carving gods, surasundaris, lovers, soldiers and musicians side by side. The Lakshmana temple frieze of 954 CE records court and camp life in stone.
Model answer
Ghissu Editorial · Verified 4 Oct 2026 · 288 words
Deep high relief
Figures on the Kandariya Mahadeva temple (c. 1030 CE) are cut almost in the round, so light and shadow make the wall pulse with bodies.
Twisting bodies
The tribhanga pose and figures turned to show back and front give even a resting apsara a sense of arrested motion.
Endurance
Hard sandstone and a remote site kept this crisp detail intact for a thousand years.
Sacred beside worldly
Shiva and Vishnu share walls with surasundaris applying kohl, writing a letter or pulling a thorn from the foot.
Life of the age
The Lakshmana temple's base frieze (954 CE) shows soldiers, war elephants, hunts, musicians and teachers with pupils.
Kama as a goal of life
Devangana Desai reads the mithuna couples as auspicious and partly Tantric imagery, and they affirm kama as a purushartha while forming a small share of the carving.
Plural faith
Hindu and Jain shrines, such as the Parshvanatha temple, share one complex and one style.
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