"Administration of public health has deteriorated in the last three decades". Examine the statement and explain the social consequences.

Infrastructure and Workforce Deficits

Maharashtra’s public sector hospitals face 61% vacancies in rural specialist posts, reflecting chronic underinvestment and poor human resource management that weaken frontline health services.

Administrative Gaps and Fragmented Governance

Many health commissions operate without chiefs or adequate staff, lacking transparency and accountability. The complex three-tier governance involving central, state, and urban local bodies leads to coordination failures, especially in rapidly urbanising areas.

Health Inequities and Access Barriers

NFHS-61 data shows health improvements but persistent social inequalities, with marginalized groups in slums and rural areas facing poor access and high disease burden, exacerbating undernutrition and morbidity.

Strengthen Decentralised Governance

Empower urban local bodies with clear mandates and adequate resources, as demonstrated in Hyderabad, to improve coordination and responsiveness amid rapid urbanisation and slum proliferation.

Modernise Data Systems and Expand Workforce

Invest in digital health infrastructure for real-time monitoring and evidence-based policymaking, while implementing targeted recruitment and retention strategies under schemes like the National Health Mission to address workforce shortages in underserved areas.