APPSC Group-I Prelims 2024

378 questions from the 2024 papers, each with the official answer and an explanation.

A question repeated across years is listed once, under one of the years it appeared.

161. Q161Space technology

     Consider the following statements about 'Women Engineered SATellite' (WESAT) : I. WESAT is the first Indian satellite to be fully designed and developed by women students of Lal Bahadur Shastri Institute of Technology for Women, Kerala. II. WESAT was launched aboard the PSLV-C58/XPoSAT Mission as one of the secondary payloads on 1st January, 2024. III. WESAT is meant to study how rainfall refills underground water in rural areas of India. Which among the above statements are correct ?

     • aI and II onlyAnswer
     • bII and III only
     • cI and III only
     • dAll the above
     ›Explanation

     Option A is correct because Statements I and II are factually accurate, while Statement III is incorrect since WESAT was designed to study solar ultraviolet radiation and its atmospheric effects, not groundwater recharge. Payload objective: Measure solar ultraviolet radiation and space weather effects Developer: Lal Bahadur Shastri Institute of Technology for Women, Kerala Launch: PSLV-C58/XPoSAT mission on 1 January 2024 Option B: Statement III is false because WESAT does not monitor rainfall or hydrology. Option C: Statement III is incorrect, while Statement II is historically true. Option D: All the above is incorrect because Statement III contains an erroneous payload objective.

162. Q162Space technology

     Identify the following satellites which were separated from the SSLV-D2 launch vehicle at an altitude of 450 km at the time of 785.1 sec, 880.1 sec and 900.1 sec respectively.

     • aEOS-07, Azaadi SAT-2 & Janus-1
     • bAzaadi SAT - 2, Janus -1 & EOS-07
     • cEOS-07, Janus-1 & Azaadi SAT-2Answer
     • dJanus-1, Azadi SAT-2 & EOS-07
     ›Explanation

     Option C is correct because during the SSLV-D2 mission on 10 February 2023, the primary satellite EOS-07 separated first, followed by Janus-1, and lastly AzaadiSAT-2. 785.1 seconds: Separation of EOS-07 880.1 seconds: Separation of Janus-1 900.1 seconds: Separation of AzaadiSAT-2 Option A: Janus-1 separated before AzaadiSAT-2, not after it. Option B: EOS-07 was the first satellite to separate, not the final payload. Option D: EOS-07 was injected at 785.1 seconds, whereas Janus-1 separated at 880.1 seconds.

163. Q163Space technology

     Consider the following statements regarding GSAT-N2: I. It is the first demand-driven satellite mission fully funded and owned by New Space India Limited (NSIL). II. The GSAT-N2 satellite is scheduled to be launched into space with the help of a SpaceX Falcon-9 rocket in the 2nd quarter of 2025. III. NSIL is taking the cooperation of SpaceX for this launch as India does not have a rocket capable of carrying heavy communication satellites. Which of the above statements are correct?

     • aI and II
     • bII and III
     • cI and IIIAnswer
     • dI, II and III
     ›Explanation

     Option C is correct because Statements I and III accurately describe NSIL's commercial demand-driven mission model and the need to procure SpaceX's Falcon 9 due to the 4700 kg payload exceeding the capacity of India's LVM3, whereas Statement II is wrong because the scheduled launch window was 2024, not 2025. Scheduled launch timeline: 2024, successfully executed in November 2024 Payload weight: 4700 kg LVM3 GTO payload limit: approximately 4000 kg Option A: Statement II is incorrect because the satellite launch was targeted for 2024. Option B: Statement I is correct, while Statement II gives the wrong scheduled year. Option D: Statement II is false, making any option accepting all three statements invalid.

164. Q164Space technology

     Who has launched India's First Regional Navigation Satellite System based device to provide precise directions for various infrastructure projects?

     • aMontana media services
     • bElena geo systemsAnswer
     • cGeo media alignments
     • dIndia forge technologies
     ›Explanation

     Option B is correct because Elena Geo Systems, a Bengaluru-based spacetech firm, developed and launched India's first NavIC-based handheld navigation device tailored for tracking, surveying, and infrastructure projects. Option A: Montana media services is not a satellite technology or navigation hardware manufacturer. Option C: Geo media alignments is a fictitious company name with no role in NavIC device manufacturing. Option D: India forge technologies does not produce satellite-based navigation and positioning hardware.

165. Q165Space technology

     Expand PAPA regarding Aditya L1 mission of ISRO.

     • aPlasma Analyser Package for AdityaAnswer
     • bPlannet Aditya Plasma for Analysis
     • cPlasma Advanced Portal for Analysis
     • dPlannet Advanced Plasma for Aditya
     ›Explanation

     Option A is correct because PAPA stands for Plasma Analyser Package for Aditya, an onboard instrument designed to study the solar wind, electron and ion temperatures, and composition. Option B: Plannet Aditya Plasma for Analysis is incorrect because it uses an inaccurate phrasing and misspells the word planet. Option C: Plasma Advanced Portal for Analysis is incorrect because the acronym represents Package for Aditya rather than Advanced Portal. Option D: Plannet Advanced Plasma for Aditya is incorrect because it replaces Analyser Package with an entirely incorrect phrase.

166. Q166Space technology

     What is the name of India's first polarimetry mission launched by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) in collaboration with the Raman Research Institute (RRI), Bengaluru in May 2023?

     • aWPoSat
     • bGPoSat
     • cXPoSatAnswer
     • dRPoSat
     ›Explanation

     Option C is correct because XPoSat (X-ray Polarimeter Satellite) is India's first dedicated polarimetry space mission, developed jointly by ISRO and the Raman Research Institute to study cosmic X-ray emissions. Option A: WPoSat is incorrect because no such satellite was designed or developed by ISRO. Option B: GPoSat is incorrect because it is a fabricated acronym not associated with ISRO's polarimetry programme. Option D: RPoSat is incorrect because the mission is named XPoSat for X-ray Polarimeter Satellite.

167. Q167Space technology

     What is the name of India's first Solar mission which was launched by ISRO in September, 2023?

     • aAditya-L1Answer
     • bAditya-S1
     • cAditya-P1
     • dAditya-M1
     ›Explanation

     Option A is correct because Aditya-L1 is India's first dedicated space-based observatory to study the Sun, launched by ISRO in September 2023 to a halo orbit around the Sun-Earth Lagrangian point L1. Option B: Aditya-S1 is an invalid mission designation not used by ISRO. Option C: Aditya-P1 is a fictitious name not associated with India's solar programme. Option D: Aditya-M1 is not the designated name of India's solar observatory mission.

168. Q168Space technology

     Presence of which element is confirmed by Chandrayaan-3's Pragyan Rover on the Moon surface in August 2023?

     • aPhosphorus
     • bZinc
     • cSulphurAnswer
     • dOxygen
     ›Explanation

     Option C is correct because the Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) instrument onboard the Pragyan rover unambiguously confirmed the presence of Sulphur on the lunar surface near the south pole in August 2023. Option A: Phosphorus was not among the elements detected by the in-situ measurements. Option B: Zinc has not been confirmed on the lunar surface by the Pragyan rover instruments. Option D: Oxygen was also detected, but Sulphur was the groundbreaking, direct in-situ confirmation specifically highlighted by ISRO.

169. Q169Space technology

     Identify NASA's spacecraft that will study the physical changes in the 'God of Chaos' (asteroid) approaching Earth's orbit by 2029:

     • aOSIRIS-APEXAnswer
     • bNew Shepard
     • cVaskhod
     • dPioneer 13
     ›Explanation

     Option A is correct because NASA repurposed the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft into OSIRIS-APEX (Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security-Apophis Explorer) to study the asteroid 99942 Apophis, nicknamed the God of Chaos, during its Earth flyby in 2029. Option B: New Shepard is a suborbital rocket developed by Blue Origin for space tourism, not a NASA deep-space probe. Option C: Vaskhod was a crewed spaceflight programme conducted by the Soviet Union in the 1960s. Option D: Pioneer 13 was an interplanetary mission launched to study Venus in 1978.

170. Q170Space technology

     Who among the following were selected as astronauts to go into space through India's first manned space mission? I. Wing Commander Shubhanshu Shukla II. Group Captain P. Balakrishnan Nair III. Group Captain Pankaj M. Sinha IV. Group Captain Ajit Krishnan V. Group Captain Angad Pratap Choose the correct answer using the codes given below:

     • aI, II, III and V
     • bI, III, IV and V
     • cI, II, III and IV
     • dI, II, IV and VAnswer
     ›Explanation

     Option D is correct because the four IAF officers announced as astronaut-designates for the Gaganyaan mission are Shubhanshu Shukla, Prashanth Balakrishnan Nair, Ajit Krishnan, and Angad Pratap. Wing Commander Shubhanshu Shukla: selected Gaganyaan astronaut Group Captain Prashanth Balakrishnan Nair: selected Gaganyaan astronaut Group Captain Ajit Krishnan: selected Gaganyaan astronaut Group Captain Angad Pratap: selected Gaganyaan astronaut Option A: includes Group Captain Pankaj M. Sinha who was not selected among the Gaganyaan astronauts, and omits Ajit Krishnan. Option B: includes Pankaj M. Sinha and omits Prashanth Balakrishnan Nair. Option C: includes Pankaj M. Sinha and omits Angad Pratap.

171. Q171Space technology

     Identify the spacecraft deployed by the NASA to study the physical changes in 'God of Chaos' asteroid which will be nearing the Earth's orbit by 2029 :

     • aOSIRIS-APEXAnswer
     • bNew Shepard
     • cVoskhod
     • dPioneer 13

     Explanation coming soon.

172. Q172Space technology

     Consider the following statements regarding PACE satellite : I. It is NASA's satellite mission to study ocean health, air quality and effects of climate change. II. PACE satellite was successfully launched aboard a SpaceX Falcon-9 rocket on 8th February, 2024. Which among the above statements is/are incorrect ?

     • aI only
     • bII only
     • cBoth I and II
     • dNone of the aboveAnswer
     ›Explanation

     Option D is correct because neither statement is incorrect; both statements I and II are completely accurate regarding NASA's PACE (Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem) satellite. Option A: Incorrect because statement I correctly outlines the core mission objectives of studying ocean biology and atmospheric conditions. Option B: Incorrect because statement II correctly identifies the launch date as 8 February 2024 and the launch vehicle as SpaceX's Falcon 9. Option C: Incorrect because both statements are true.

173. Q173Space technology

     Who built India's first spy satellite, which is preparing for launch by a Space X rocket?

     • aBellatrix Aerospace Private Limited
     • bSkyroot Aerospace Private Limited
     • cDhruva Space Private Limited
     • dTata Advanced Systems LimitedAnswer
     ›Explanation

     Option D is correct because Tata Advanced Systems Limited built TSAT-1A, India's first sub-metre resolution optical earth observation satellite launched aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket. Option A: Bellatrix Aerospace Private Limited specializes in in-space satellite propulsion and thruster technologies, not this satellite. Option B: Skyroot Aerospace Private Limited focuses on developing the Vikram series of small satellite launch vehicles. Option C: Dhruva Space Private Limited develops full-stack small satellite platforms and deployers rather than this optical spy satellite.

174. Q174Space technology

     Which of the following space agencies launched its next-generation H3 rocket into orbit?

     • aCanadian Space Agency (CSA)
     • bEuropean Space Agency
     • cIsrael Space Agency (ISA)
     • dJapan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)Answer
     ›Explanation

     Option D is correct because the H3 rocket is a next-generation, two-stage, liquid-propellant launch vehicle developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) alongside Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. Option A: Incorrect because the Canadian Space Agency does not operate indigenous orbital heavy-lift launch vehicles. Option B: Incorrect because the European Space Agency develops the Ariane and Vega rocket families, not the H3. Option C: Incorrect because the Israel Space Agency relies on the Shavit rocket for indigenous orbital launches.

175. Q175Defence technology

     Consider the following statements regarding DOSTI drill : I. DOSTI-16 is a trilateral coast guard exercise between India, Sri Lanka and Maldives conducted from 22 to 25 February, 2024. II. The DOSTI drill was started in 1991 as a bilateral exercise by the coast guards of India and Sri Lanka. III. Indian Coast Guard Ship Samarth and ICGS Abhinav participated in the Exercise DOSTI-16. Which among the above statements are correct ?

     • aI and II
     • bII and III
     • cI and IIIAnswer
     • dI, II and III
     ›Explanation

     Option C is correct because DOSTI was initiated in 1991 between the coast guards of India and Maldives, with Sri Lanka joining only later in 2012, making statement II false. Exercise DOSTI began in 1991 between India and Maldives. Sri Lanka joined the exercise in 2012, making it trilateral. DOSTI-16 was conducted from 22 to 25 February 2024 in the Maldives. ICGS Samarth, ICGS Abhinav, and ICG Dornier aircraft participated from India. Option A: Includes statement II, which incorrectly identifies Sri Lanka instead of Maldives as the founding partner with India in 1991. Option B: Includes statement II, which is factually false regarding the founding countries of the drill. Option D: Includes statement II, which wrongly claims Sri Lanka was part of the bilateral start in 1991.

176. Q176Defence technology

     On 10th January 2023, the three procurement proposals were approved by the Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) headed by the Defence Minister Rajnath Singh at a total cost of Rs. 4,276 crores. Which one of the following was not in the list of procurement.

     • aHELINA - Anti- Tank Guided Missiles
     • bAdvanced Heron dronesAnswer
     • cVSHORAD (IR Homing) missile system
     • dBrahmos Launcher and Fire Control System
     ›Explanation

     Option B is correct because the Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) meeting on 10th January 2023 accorded Acceptance of Necessity (AoN) for three specific indigenous proposals—HELINA, VSHORAD, and BrahMos—not Advanced Heron drones. HELINA Anti-Tank Guided Missiles for ALH integration was approved. VSHORAD (IR Homing) missile system designed by DRDO was approved. BrahMos Launcher and Fire Control System for Shivalik-class and Next Gen Missile Vessels was approved. Total approved procurement cost across the three packages was Rs. 4,276 crores. Option A: HELINA anti-tank guided missiles were explicitly part of the three proposals approved by the DAC. Option C: VSHORAD (IR Homing) missile system was one of the approved acquisitions in that meeting. Option D: BrahMos Launcher and FCS were among the three items cleared under the Rs. 4,276 crore package.

177. Q177Information and communication technology

     With regard to the progress of Digital Payments in India, which of the following statement/statements is/are valid? I. Promotion of Digital Payments has been transferred from the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) to the Department of Financial Services. II. e-RUPI is an institution-based voucher management system instead of being person and purpose specific. III. 'Hello! UPI' is an AI voice-enabled payment feature built by a consortium of private sponsored startups recognised by the NPCI. IV. 'UPI LITE X' addresses challenges of remote areas by enabling offline UPI payments. Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

     • aI, III and IV
     • bIII and IV
     • cOnly III
     • dI and IVAnswer
     ›Explanation

     Option D is correct because statements I and IV are factually accurate, while statements II and III contain errors. Option A: Includes statement III, which is false because Hello! UPI was built by NPCI in collaboration with the Bhashini programme and AI4Bharat at IIT Madras, not a private startup consortium. Option B: Includes statement III which is erroneous, and excludes the valid statement I regarding the shift of digital payment promotion to the Department of Financial Services. Option C: Treats statement III as the sole correct statement, ignoring its factual error and omitting statements I and IV.

178. Q178Information and communication technology

     Consider the following Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and choose the correct code: Assertion (A) : 'India Stack' has enabled an online, paperless and cashless digital access to various public and private services. This has reduced the cost of conducting e-KYC. Reason (R) : India Stack consists of two interconnected layers, and of these, the 'Payment Layer' has reduced the cost of conducting e-KYC. Code :

     • aBoth (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A).
     • bBoth (A) and (R) are true, but (R) does not explain (A).
     • c(A) is true, but (R) is false.Answer
     • d(A) is false, but (R) is true.
     ›Explanation

     Option C is correct because Assertion A accurately states that India Stack made digital onboarding cheap and paperless, but Reason R is false because India Stack consists of four layers, and e-KYC is part of the identity layer rather than the payment layer. Option A: Erroneously treats Reason R as true, failing to recognise that India Stack has four layers and e-KYC falls under the identity layer. Option B: Incorrectly validates Reason R, which misstates both the number of layers and the layer responsible for e-KYC. Option D: Wrongly rejects Assertion A, which correctly describes the paperless and cost-saving capabilities of India Stack.

179. Q179Information and communication technology

     'Sangam : Digital Twin', recently seen in the news, is an initiative of which department of India among the following?

     • aDepartment of TelecommunicationsAnswer
     • bWestern Naval Command
     • cEastern Naval Command
     • dDepartment of Science and Technology
     ›Explanation

     Option A is correct because the Sangam: Digital Twin initiative was launched by the Department of Telecommunications to integrate telecommunication networks with digital twin modeling and artificial intelligence for infrastructure planning. Option B: Western Naval Command is an operational fleet formation of the Indian Navy and does not administer this telecommunications initiative. Option C: Eastern Naval Command is an operational wing of the armed forces with no jurisdiction over digital infrastructure initiatives. Option D: Department of Science and Technology handles broad scientific research and development, but this particular initiative belongs to the telecommunications sector.

180. Q180Energy technology and management

     Match the following : List-I (Slash and burn agriculture) A. Ladang B. Milpa C. Roca D. Masole List-II (Practising region) I. Central America II. Indonesia III. Central Africa IV. Brazil Choose the correct answer using the codes given below : A B C D

     • aI II III IV
     • bII I IV IIIAnswer
     • cIII I IV II
     • dIII IV I II
     ›Explanation

     Option B is correct because Ladang is the shifting cultivation term used in Indonesia, Milpa is used in Central America and Mexico, Roca is used in Brazil, and Masole is used in Central Africa. Ladang: Indonesia Milpa: Central America Roca: Brazil Masole: Central Africa Option A: It incorrectly pairs Ladang with Central America and Milpa with Indonesia. Option C: It incorrectly matches Ladang with Central Africa and Masole with Indonesia. Option D: It misassigns all four terms to the incorrect geographical regions.

181. Q181Energy technology and management

     NITI Aayog's 'Methanol Economy' programme is aimed at : I. Reducing India's oil import bill. II. Reducing Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission. III. Converting coal reserves and municipal solid waste into methanol. Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

     • aI and II only
     • bII and III only
     • cI and III only
     • dI, II and IIIAnswer
     ›Explanation

     Option D is correct because NITI Aayog's 'Methanol Economy' programme explicitly targets replacing crude oil imports, cutting greenhouse gas emissions, and producing methanol locally from India's abundant high-ash coal reserves and municipal solid waste. Option A: It omits statement III, which is a key pillar of the programme focusing on coal gasification and waste-to-chemical conversion. Option B: It omits statement I, which is the primary macroeconomic motive of substituting costly imported petroleum fuels. Option C: It omits statement II, which is a vital environmental goal achieved because methanol burns significantly cleaner than conventional fuels.

182. Q182Energy technology and management

     Identify the objectives of NITI Aayog's 'Methanol Economy' program: I. Reducing India's oil import bill. II. Reducing Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. III. Converting coal reserves and municipal solid waste into methanol. Choose the correct answer using the codes given below:

     • aI and II only
     • bII and III only
     • cI and III only
     • dI, II and IIIAnswer
     ›Explanation

     Option D is correct because NITI Aayog's Methanol Economy initiative aims to replace crude oil imports, lower greenhouse gas emissions, and gasify India's high-ash coal and municipal solid waste into clean methanol. Option A: It excludes the primary domestic feedstock conversion goal involving high-ash coal and municipal waste. Option B: It omits the economic driver of slashing the nation's crude oil import bill. Option C: It overlooks the environmental objective of lowering vehicular emissions and urban air pollution.

183. Q183Energy technology and management

     Consider the following statements : Statement I : India has tremendous Solar power generation potential. Statement II : India experiences clear sunny weather for 250 to 300 days per year and this exposure to the Sun is estimated to be worth 5000 Tn kilowatt hour of energy in a year over India's land area. Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

     • aStatement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II is the correct explanation for Statement I.Answer
     • bStatement I and Statement II are correct, but Statement II is not the correct explanation for Statement I.
     • cStatement I is correct, but Statement II is incorrect.
     • dStatement I is incorrect, but Statement II is correct.

     Explanation coming soon.

184. Q184Nuclear technology

     India's indigenous Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) of 500 MWe capacity at Kalapakkam was developed by :

     • aBhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC)
     • bCentral Institute of Mining and Fuel Research (CIMFR)
     • cIndira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR)
     • dBharatiya Nabhikiya Vidyut Nigam Limited (BHAVINI)Answer

     Official answer shown. The explanation is under review.

185. Q185Biotechnology and genetic engineering

     Consider the following Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and choose the correct code : Assertion (A) : A person with AB⁺ᵛᵉ blood group is called as 'Universal Recipient'. Reason (R) : A person with AB⁺ᵛᵉ blood group has A & B antigens and Antibodies in Plasma. Code : (1) (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). (2) (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (3) (A) is true, but (R) is false. (4) Both (A) and (R) are false.

     • a(A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
     • b(A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
     • c(A) is true, but (R) is false.Answer
     • dBoth (A) and (R) are false.

     Explanation coming soon.

186. Q186Biotechnology and genetic engineering

     Identify India's first indigenously developed CAR-T cell therapy for which Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) granted market approval :

     • aNexCAR19Answer
     • bTECARTUS
     • cIND YESCARTA
     • dBREYANZI-BH
     ›Explanation

     Option A is correct because NexCAR19 is India's first indigenously developed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, developed jointly by IIT Bombay and Tata Memorial Hospital with ImmunoACT, approved by the CDSCO in 2023. Option B: Tecartus is an autologous CAR-T cell therapy developed abroad by Kite Pharma and approved by the US FDA. Option C: Yescarta is also a commercial CAR-T product developed by Kite Pharma in the United States, not an indigenous Indian product. Option D: Breyanzi is a CAR-T product manufactured by Bristol Myers Squibb in the United States.

187. Q187Biotechnology and genetic engineering

     Identify India's first domestically developed CAR-T cell therapy that received market approval from the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO):

     • aNexCAR19Answer
     • bTECARTUS
     • cINDYESCARTA
     • dBREYANZI-BH
     ›Explanation

     Option A is correct because NexCAR19, developed jointly by ImmunoACT, IIT Bombay, and Tata Memorial Hospital, received market approval from the CDSCO as India's first indigenously developed CAR-T cell therapy for treating specific blood cancers. Option B: Tecartus is an autologous CAR-T cell therapy developed and manufactured by Kite Pharma in the United States, not an Indian product. Option C: INDYESCARTA is an invalid designation; Yescarta is an American CAR-T cell therapy manufactured abroad. Option D: Breyanzi is a CAR-T cell therapy developed by Bristol Myers Squibb and approved in the United States, not in India as an indigenous product.

188. Q188Biotechnology and genetic engineering

     Consider the following statements about the ARTSENS device. I. It is a novel, non-invasive device useful for assessing inspired health and their age, and thereby providing early screening for central nervous system diseases. II. The ARTSENS device was developed by the National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro-Science (NIMHANS). III. The ARTSENS device is powered by a proprietary non-imaging probe and an intelligent computing platform. Which of the above statements is/are incorrect?

     • aI and IIAnswer
     • bII and III
     • cI and III
     • dII only
     ›Explanation

     Option A is correct because statements I and II are incorrect; ARTSENS stands for Arterial Stiffness Evaluation for Non-invasive Screening, designed to assess vascular aging and cardiovascular risk, and it was developed by IIT Madras rather than NIMHANS. Option B: Statement III is a factually correct description of the device, making this combination wrong. Option C: Statement III is accurate because the system operates on a non-imaging ultrasound probe and an intelligent platform. Option D: Statement I is also incorrect, so selecting statement II alone fails to identify all wrong statements.

189. Q189Nanotechnology and the emerging technologies

     The smart, biodegradable, natural polymer-based nanoparticles from renewable resources for treating colorectal cancer were developed by researchers of :

     • aIndian Institute of Technology, MandiAnswer
     • bIndian Institute of Technology, Bombay
     • cIndian Institute of Technology, Madras
     • dIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Tirupati

     Explanation coming soon.

190. Q190Nanotechnology and the emerging technologies

     Which researchers developed smart, biodegradable, natural polymer-based nanoparticles from renewable resources for the treatment of colorectal cancer:

     • aIndian Institute of Technology, MandiAnswer
     • bIndian Institute of Technology, Bombay
     • cIndian Institute of Technology, Madras
     • dIndian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Tirupati
     ›Explanation

     Option A is correct because a research team from the Indian Institute of Technology Mandi engineered smart, biodegradable nanoparticles using natural polymers derived from renewable sources for targeted colorectal cancer therapy. Option B: Indian Institute of Technology Bombay was not the host institution for this specific polymer nanoparticle development. Option C: Indian Institute of Technology Madras conducts extensive biomedical research, but it was not the institution behind this particular study. Option D: Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati was not the institute that developed these specific nanoparticles.

191. Q191Nanotechnology and the emerging technologies

     A multimodal AI tool that can respond in 11 Indian languages developed indigenously by BharatGPT ecosystem and Seetha Mahalakshmi Healthcare (SML) is :

     • aKrutrim
     • bBhashini
     • cOpenHathi
     • dHanoomanAnswer

     Explanation coming soon.

192. Q192Nanotechnology and the emerging technologies

     Consider the following statements about Garbhini-GA2 : I. It is the first India-specific Artificial Intelligence (AI) model which accurately determines the age of a fetus in pregnant women in the second and third trimesters. II. Garbhini-GA2 was developed by the researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras and Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad. Which among the above statements is/are correct ?

     • aI only
     • bII only
     • cBoth I and IIAnswer
     • dNone of the above
     ›Explanation

     Option C is correct because both statements regarding the Garbhini-GA2 model are factually accurate. Garbhini-GA2 is the first India-specific AI model designed to determine fetal age. It operates effectively for pregnant women in the second and third trimesters. It was developed collaboratively by IIT Madras and THSTI Faridabad. Option A: Statement II is also correct, making this option incomplete. Option B: Statement I is also correct, making this option incomplete. Option D: Neither statement is false.

193. Q193Nanotechnology and the emerging technologies

     'iOncology.ai', an Artificial Intelligence (AI) platform designed for the early detection of breast and ovarian cancer, was launched by :

     • aAll India Institute of Medical Sciences in collaboration with Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics (CAIR).
     • bDr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute in collaboration with Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB).
     • cNational Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research in collaboration with Artificial Intelligence Research Institute (AIRI).
     • dAll India Institute of Medical Sciences in collaboration with Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (CDAC).Answer
     ›Explanation

     Option D is correct because iOncology.ai was jointly developed and deployed by the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, and the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Pune. Option A: It incorrectly names the Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics (CAIR) as the collaborative partner. Option B: It incorrectly identifies Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute and CCMB instead of AIIMS and C-DAC. Option C: It wrongly credits the National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research and AIRI.

194. Q194Nanotechnology and the emerging technologies

     What rank was achieved by India's AI Supercomputer 'AIRAWAT' at the International Supercomputing Conference (ISC 2023), held in Germany in May 2023?

     • a65th
     • b75thAnswer
     • c55th
     • d45th
     ›Explanation

     Option B is correct because the AI supercomputer AIRAWAT was ranked 75th in the prestigious global Top 500 Supercomputing list announced at the ISC 2023 in Germany. AIRAWAT is installed at C-DAC, Pune. It was evaluated during the 61st edition of the Top 500 list in May 2023. Its achieved global rank was 75th. Option A: It is wrong because the verified standing of the supercomputer was 75th, not 65th. Option C: It incorrectly places the system ten positions higher than its actual rank. Option D: It wrongly suggests a higher rank that AIRAWAT did not achieve at ISC 2023.

195. Q195Nanotechnology and the emerging technologies

     Which company joins Intel to launch AI skills lab in India in July 2023?

     • aMicrosoft
     • bDell
     • cAppleAnswer
     • dLenovo

     Official answer shown. The explanation is under review.

196. Q196Nanotechnology and the emerging technologies

     Consider the following statements about Garbhini-GA2: I. It is the first Indian-specific Artificial Intelligence (AI) model that accurately determines the gestational age of the fetus in the second and third trimesters. II. Garbhini-GA2 was developed by researchers from the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras and Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), Faridabad. Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?

     • aI only
     • bII only
     • cBoth I and IIAnswer
     • dNone of the above
     ›Explanation

     Option C is correct because both statements accurately describe Garbhini-GA2, an artificial intelligence tool created specifically for the Indian population to improve gestational age estimation. Garbhini-GA2 is an India-specific AI model for gestational age determination. It estimates fetal age accurately during the second and third trimesters. It was jointly developed by IIT Madras and THSTI Faridabad. Option A: Statement II is also correct, as IIT Madras and THSTI jointly developed the model. Option B: Statement I is also correct, as the model specifically evaluates gestational age in the second and third trimesters. Option D: Neither statement is incorrect.

197. Q197Nanotechnology and the emerging technologies

     Identify the multimodal AI tool developed domestically by BharatGPT system and Sita Maha Lakshmi Speech (SML) and capable of demonstrating in 11 Indian languages?

     • aKrutrim
     • bBhashini
     • cOpenHathi
     • dHanoomanAnswer
     ›Explanation

     Option D is correct because Hanooman is a suite of indigenous multimodal AI models developed by the BharatGPT ecosystem in collaboration with SML (Sarvam / Sita Mahalakshmi Healthcare) and IIT Bombay, designed to support multiple Indian languages. Option A: Krutrim is an AI model developed by Ola's founder Bhavish Aggarwal. Option B: Bhashini is a Government of India language translation mission under MeitY, not a multimodal AI tool from the SML/BharatGPT consortium. Option C: OpenHathi is the open-source Hindi large language model developed by Sarvam AI.

198. Q198Nanotechnology and the emerging technologies

     Identify the company that launched 'Pratham', the world's first no-code computer vision platform.

     • aAssert AIAnswer
     • bMicrosoft Inc
     • cGoogle
     • dDell Technologies
     ›Explanation

     Option A is correct because Assert AI, an Indian computer vision software company, launched 'Pratham' to enable users to deploy custom computer vision models without writing code. Option B: It incorrectly names Microsoft, which offers other cognitive vision services but not the Pratham platform. Option C: It mistakenly credits Google, which is not the originator of the Pratham platform. Option D: It names Dell Technologies, an enterprise infrastructure corporation that did not launch this software.

199. Q199HUMAN BODY, NUTRITION AND DISEASE

     Consider the following Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and choose the correct code: Assertion (A): A person with AB+ve blood group is called a 'Universal Recipient'. Reason (R): A person with AB+ve blood group has A & B antigens and antibodies in their plasma. Code:

     • a(A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
     • b(A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
     • c(A) is true, but (R) is false.Answer
     • dBoth (A) and (R) are false.
     ›Explanation

     Option C is correct because Assertion (A) is a true statement while Reason (R) is false. Individuals with AB positive blood group are universal recipients because their red blood cells display A, B, and Rh antigens, but their plasma lacks anti-A and anti-B antibodies. Option A: Reason (R) incorrectly claims that plasma of AB positive individuals contains antibodies against A and B antigens. Option B: Reason (R) is factually false because anti-A and anti-B antibodies are absent in AB positive plasma. Option D: Assertion (A) is true as AB positive individuals can safely receive red blood cells of any ABO and Rh blood group.

200. Q200HUMAN BODY, NUTRITION AND DISEASE

     Consider the following statements about ARTSENS device : I. It is a novel, non-invasive device to assess the health and age of the neurons and thereby provide early screening for central nervous system diseases. II. ARTSENS device was developed by the National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro-Sciences (NIMHANS). III. ARTSENS device is powered by a proprietary non-imaging probe and an intelligent computing platform. Which among the above statements is/are incorrect ?

     • aI and IIAnswer
     • bII and III
     • cI and III
     • dII only

     Explanation coming soon.